Bricklaying Basics

When you build with bricks you're creatingthrowing the right mortar. Masonry mortar is a
something that can be appreciated formixture of Portland cement, sand and water.
generations. It's not uncommon to find structuresOther ingredients include lime and gypsum to
in complete ruin except for the masonry such asimprove workability and control setup time.
a brick chimney or wall.Believe it or not the strongest mortar mixture
The reasons for do-it-yourself bricklaying vary,isn't always the best for the job. Gone thankfully
but the primary reason seems to be cost. Othersare the days when do-it-yourselfers had to mix
include learning a valuable skill for starting a newmortar fom scratch, often with disasterous
business, or simply learning a new hobby. Planningresults. These days mortar comes premixed in 50
a bricklaying project begins with gathering ideas- 100 lb bags. Today you simply select the
and envisioning the end result. Don't overlook thiscorrect mix for the job at hand.
step. Masonry is permanent so be cautious andType N mortar is often called for because it
remember you need to do it right - the results ofoffers a good blend of strength and durability. It's
your efforts will be on public display for a long,commonly used in non-load-bearing projects such
long time.as freestanding walls, BBQ grills and chimneys.
As you begin your planning it's important toType S mortar is a high strength mixture for
consider size and scale, location, material selection,exterior use in foundations, brick and block
drainage and appearance. Make deatiled drawingsreatining walls, driveways, walks and patios,
of the planned project so to eliminate designType M mortar is a very high strength mortar
flaws and aid in estimating building costs.for load-bearing exterior stone walls.
Visit your local home improvement center orThere are other types mixes for special purpose
hardware store and collect samples of thebut fo the sake of simplicity I left them out o this
material you have in mind and evaluate the wayarticle.
they blend with your existing landscaping.Mixing mortar is simple these days. I dump one to
Depending on whether you plan on pouring a smalltwo bags of mix into a large wheelbarrow, push it
slab or building a brick archway, estimate theto one side and slowly add water until I get the
dimensions of your project as accurately asright texture I want. If it's too thick , it will fall off
possible. This eliminates extra shopping trips. Sincethe trowel in a heap and not in the smooth line
your using brick the local brickyard is where you'llyou want. Add to much water and it's messy and
find the best supply of bricklayers material. Theyweak. Just follow the manufacturers directions
also carry the tools you are going to need.and you should be fine. If you've never mixed
Speaking of the tools, and to work effectivelymortar before experiment in small batches until
you are going to have to buy or rent someyou find the mixture that works. Keep note of
special purpose tools. I suggest that if this is ayour mixture ratios to use later.
one-time project then by all means rent the tools.Don't mix mortar in large batches unless you are
What follows is a suggested list of tools for doingwilling to use it all in one application. More than one
brickwork:do-it-yourslf bricklayer has ended up with a
Mortar hawk - for holding mortarwheelbarrow filled with 200 lbs of dried mortar
Wide pointing tool - for placing mortar on brickfor this reason. It's best to mix mortar as needed.
Jointer - for finishing jointsYou can't foresee delays such as bad weather,
Brick tongs - for carrying multiple bricksrunning out of daylight or worse yet injuring
Narrow tuck pointer - for placing mortar on bricksyourself.
Mason's trowel - for applying mortarWatching a professional bricklayer at work is an
Masonry chisels - for splitting brickimpressive sight. I remember as a small child living
Mason's hammers - for chipping brickwith my grandparents and watching their new
Maul - for driving stakeshome being built. The mortar practically flew off
Joint chisel - for removing dry mortarthe workers trowels and the walls seemed to rise
Shop broom - for keeping the work area cleanout of the ground in minutes. "Mortar throwing" is
Bucket and scrub brushan acquired skill that takes years to master, but
Stiff bristle brush - for removing loose materialyou can use the basic techniques successfully with
Rubber malletjust a little practice.
Pipe clamp - for scoring large quantities of brickThrowing mortar is a quick, smooth technique.
Circular saw (with a masinry blade) - for cuttingLoad the trowel with mortar (how much depends
brickon you comfort level), then position the trowel a
Hammer drill with masonry bitfew inches above the starting point. In one
Wheelbarrow - for mixing mortarmotion, begin turning your wrist over and quickly
Shovelmove the trowel across the surface to spread
Cement - for mixing mortarmortar consistently. Ideally you want ot end up
Particle mask, gloves and protective eyewearwith a line of mortar about 2 1/2 " wide and
A helpful hint is to build your project, if possibleabout 2 ' long.
without using mortar. This allows you to see theThese are the very basics. There are numerous
finished project, make corrections along the waybooks and how-to videos on countless masonry
and decide if the end result is really what youprojects. Just remember to plan accordingly, take
wanted.your time and above all ... be safe.
The last thing I'll cover is choosing, mixing and